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Extended irreversible thermodynamics is a branch of non-equilibrium thermodynamics that goes beyond the local equilibrium hypothesis of classical irreversible thermodynamics. The space of state variables is enlarged by including the fluxes of mass, momentum and energy and eventually higher order fluxes. The formalism is well-suited for describing high-frequency processes and small-length scales materials. ==Overview== Over the last decades, many efforts have been displayed to generalize the classical laws of Fourier (heat conduction), Fick (matter diffusion), Newton (viscous flows) and Ohm (electrical transport). Indeed modern technology strives towards miniaturized devices, high frequency and strongly non-linear processes requiring for a new conceptual approach. Several classes of theories have been developed with this objective and one of them, known under the heading of ''Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics'' (EIT) has raised a particular growing interest. The paternity of EIT can be traced back to James Clerk Maxwell who in 1867 introduced time derivative terms in the constitutive equations of ideal gases. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「extended irreversible thermodynamics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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